聚酰亚胺纤维（Polyimide fibre，简称PI纤维），又称芳酰亚胺纤维，是综合性能最佳的有机高分子纤维之一，它与碳纤维、芳纶纤维一起，被认为是制约我国发展高技术产业的三大瓶颈性关键高分子材料。因其出色的机械强度、电绝缘性能和热稳定性而广泛应用于航空航天、军工、汽车工业、电子/电气和纺织服装等领域。
Polyimide fibre (abbreviated as PI fibre), also known as arylimide fibre, is one of the organic polymer fibres with the most comprehensive properties. Together with carbon fibre and aramid fibre, it is regarded as three bottleneck key polymer materials restricting the development of China’s high‑tech industries. Thanks to its outstanding mechanical strength, electrical insulation performance and thermal stability, it is widely applied in aerospace, military industry, automotive industry, electronics & electrical engineering, textile and apparel and other fields.
-卓越的功能特性-
1、耐高低温性能：
聚酰亚胺纤维的分子链具有优异的交联作用，能够形成紧密的结构，有效阻挡热量的传递，并具有出色的耐高低温性能，可在-200℃至400℃的温度范围内长期使用，而不发生脆裂或性能大幅下降。
2、阻燃性能：
聚酰亚胺纤维具有自熄性能，即一旦离开火源，火焰会迅速熄灭，且不易复燃。它的极限氧指数高，意味着在较高的氧气浓度下才能被点燃，因此具有优异的阻燃性能。
3、耐辐射性能：
聚酰亚胺纤维在经受高能辐射（如紫外线、电子束等）后，其性能仍能保持稳定。这种性能使其在核能工业、空间环境等需要承受辐射的领域中具有独特的优势。
4、高绝缘性能：
聚酰亚胺纤维具有良好的电绝缘性能，其介电常数较低，且在大范围内保持稳定。这使得它在电气设备、电线电缆等领域中作为绝缘材料具有广泛的应用价值。
5、耐腐蚀性能：
聚酰亚胺纤维对多种化学试剂具有优良的耐腐蚀性，如酸、碱、有机溶剂等。
6、高强度和高模量：
聚酰亚胺纤维具有高强度和高模量的特点，其强度最高可达5.86.3GPa，模量最高可达280340GPa。这种性能使其成为制造高强度、高模量复合材料的理想选择。
7、良好的可纺性和尺寸稳定性：
聚酰亚胺纤维具有良好的可纺性，可以方便地纺制成各种规格的纤维制品。同时，它的尺寸稳定性好，不易因温度、湿度等外界条件的变化而发生尺寸变化。
8、低吸水性和独特的截面结构：
聚酰亚胺纤维的吸水性低，这使其在潮湿环境中仍能保持良好的性能。其独特的截面结构使得纤维在过滤材料方面具有优异的性能，特别是在高温烟气过滤材料方面拥有绝对优势。
1. High‑low Temperature Resistance
The molecular chains of polyimide fibre feature excellent cross‑linking effect, forming a compact structure that effectively blocks heat transfer. It delivers outstanding high‑low temperature resistance, and can be used long‑term within the temperature range of ‑200℃ to 400℃ without brittle fracture or significant performance degradation.
2. Flame Retardancy
Polyimide fibre is self‑extinguishing. The flame will die out rapidly once removed from the fire source with low re‑ignition risk. It has a high limiting oxygen index (LOI), which means ignition only occurs under high‑oxygen‑concentration conditions, granting it superior flame‑retardant performance.
3. Radiation Resistance
Polyimide fibre maintains stable performance upon exposure to high‑energy radiation such as ultraviolet rays and electron beams. This characteristic endows it with unique advantages for radiation‑exposed scenarios including nuclear‑energy industry and space environments.
4. High Insulation Performance
Polyimide fibre possesses favourable electrical insulation with a low dielectric constant that remains stable over a wide range. Therefore it has extensive application value as insulating material for electrical equipment, wires and cables.
5. Chemical Corrosion Resistance
Polyimide fibre exhibits excellent resistance to various chemical reagents, including acids, alkalis and organic solvents.
6. High Strength and High Modulus
Polyimide fibre is characterised by high strength and high modulus. Its maximum tensile strength reaches 5.8‑6.3 GPa, and maximum modulus up to 280‑340 GPa. Such properties make it an ideal candidate for manufacturing high‑strength, high‑modulus composite materials.
7. Good Spinnability and Dimensional Stability
Polyimide fibre enjoys good spinnability and can be readily spun into fibre products of various specifications. Meanwhile, it boasts favourable dimensional stability and resists dimensional changes triggered by external factors such as temperature and humidity.
8. Low Water Absorption and Unique Cross‑section
Structure Polyimide fibre has low water absorption, enabling it to retain desirable performance even in humid surroundings. Its special cross‑section structure brings about superior performance for filter materials, and demonstrates absolute advantages especially for high‑temperature flue‑gas filtration.
-广泛的应用领域-
1、航空航天领域：
用于制造航空航天器件、航空机翼的结构体系、密封件和燃料管等。由于聚酰亚胺纤维具有高强度、低密度、耐老化等特性，能够满足航空航天领域对材料的高要求。
2、军工装备领域：
用于制造兵器裹装材料、防弹衣、防爆服、防护服等，能够显著提高士兵在战场上的生存能力和作战效果。还被用于制造军用飞机和坦克等装备的关键部件，以提高这些军事装备的性能和可靠性。
3、电子工业领域：
用于制造电子元器件、IC封装材料、机器罩壳等，因其抗电热稳定性、耐温性、低热膨胀系数等众多优点，能够有效提高电子产品的使用寿命和可靠性。
4、特种防护领域：
用于制造高温、强辐射等恶劣条件下的防护用品，如防火阻燃服、隔热毡、飞行服、高压屏蔽服、耐高温特种编织缆绳等。这些防护用品能够保护人员免受高温、强辐射等恶劣环境的伤害，提高作业安全性和效率。
5、纺织服装领域：
可以制成特种作业服、户外防寒服、保暖絮片、抓绒衣等，具有优异的保暖性能和舒适感。此外，聚酰亚胺纤维还可以用于制作运动服装，如滑雪服、登山服等，能够满足运动员在极端环境下的需求。
6、汽车制造领域
用于车体结构材料、内部装饰材料、发动机引擎罩等。使用聚酰亚胺纤维可以减轻汽车的整体重量，提高汽车行驶的稳定性和防护性能。
7、高温过滤领域：
作为水泥生产、火力发电、金属冶炼、垃圾焚烧等领域尾气处理袋式除尘器的滤料。这些领域通常会产生高温、腐蚀性强的尾气，需要高性能的滤料来进行过滤和处理。聚酰亚胺纤维的耐高温、耐腐蚀等特性使其成为这些领域的理想选择。
8、其他领域：
在核能工业、空间环境、新型建筑、高速交通工具、海洋开发、环境保护、体育器材、新能源等领域中也有广泛的应用。
‑ Wide‑ranging Application Fields ‑
1. Aerospace Sector
It is applied in the fabrication of aerospace components, structural systems for aircraft wings, seals and fuel pipelines. Featuring high strength, low density and ageing resistance, polyimide fibre meets stringent material requirements in the aerospace industry.
2. Military Equipment Sector
It is used for weapon wrapping materials, bullet‑proof vests, explosion‑proof suits and protective garments, which greatly improve soldiers’ survivability and combat effectiveness on the battlefield. It is also adopted for key components of military aircraft, tanks and other equipment to enhance their performance and reliability.
3. Electronics Industry
It serves for electronic components, IC packaging materials, equipment housings and so forth. Benefiting from its thermo‑electrical stability, temperature resistance and low coefficient of thermal expansion, it effectively extends the service life and improves the reliability of electronic products.
4. Special‑purpose Protection Sector
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